Person
Constantius II
emperor 337–361
Roman emperor
Attested. The reign and the councils are secure. His motives are described by enemies and by court bishops, not by a neutral diary.
Constantius, Constantine's son, ruled the East from 337 and the whole empire after 353. He wanted one creed that would stop the fight over 'substance.' He exiled Athanasius in 339 and again in 356. In 359 he summoned the twin councils of Ariminum and Seleucia and pressed a Homoian formula: the Son is like the Father according to the Scriptures, without ousia. He was not a bishop and is not listed as a voter. He died in 361. Athanasius's History of the Arians portrays him as a persecutor. That book is a plea.
Places
Councils
- Serdica (343)
- Sirmium meetings (351–357)
- Ariminum (Rimini) (359)
- Seleucia (359)
Sources
No separate modern citation is attached to this biography. The confidence note is the atlas summary of the evidence.
Catalog editions
No edition in the preview catalog is linked.