Jewish-Christian gospels (Hebrews, Nazoraeans, Ebionites)
c. c. 100 – c. 400
Place: beroea-aleppo
36.200, 37.160 · On the map
These texts exist only as fragments, all reported by hostile or outside writers (Jerome, De vir. ill. 3; Epiphanius, Panarion 30). How many separate gospels there were is debated. Full group records: batch 1.
Shared record: Ebionites
Several gospels used by Jewish Jesus-followers survive only in quotations by church fathers. Jerome says Nazoraeans at Beroea (Aleppo) showed him a Hebrew or Aramaic gospel, and Epiphanius quotes an Ebionite gospel that omitted the virgin birth.
People named here
- Jerome
- Epiphanius
- Nazoraeans
- Ebionites
Links
Influence
In
War with Rome and the dispersal of Jerusalem's Jesus-followers (incl. the Pella tradition)
Dispersed Jewish-Christian groups carried their own gospels into Syria (Beroea).
transmitted_via
attested
Report and reading
Out
Did Jewish-Christian groups survive to shape the Qur'an?
The fragments show Jewish-Christian groups still active in the 4th century, but later survival is debated.
evidence_for
scholarly hypothesisOut
The Gospel of the Ebionites was used by the Ebionites (shared record, batch 1).
attributed_to
attestedOut
The Gospel of the Nazoraeans was used at Beroea (shared record, batch 1).
attributed_to
attestedIn
Epiphanius, Panarion ('Medicine Chest' against 80 heresies)
Epiphanius quotes the Gospel of the Ebionites (Panarion 30).
reports
attested
Sources
- Jerome, De viris illustribus (NPNF trans., PD)
New Advent. Accessed 2026-11-11.
- Wikipedia: Jewish–Christian gospels
Wikipedia contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0). Accessed 2026-11-11.
- Wikipedia: Gospel of the Ebionites
Wikipedia contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0). Accessed 2026-11-11.